The Basics

I have been volunteering at a wonderful school in Lima, Peru and am reminded of some universal basics in education:

  • Have an objective;
  • Teach to the objective- use a text, activity, … to teach the objective remembering that the text is not the objective;
  • Evaluate whether or not the objective was met;
  • Reteach or move forward depending on the assessment.

When teaching I need to let the students do the work- talk, write, create, use the information- so they can show what they know and are able to do.  I love the workshop model where I give some input for no more than 15 minutes and then have the students use the information.  Then, I can provide more input.  Build up scaffolding and then remove it when it is no longer necessary.

I also like to backwards plan my units where I decide what I want the students to know and be able to do by what date.  Then, I backwards plan the lessons necessary to get them there.  And of course, relationships are key.

¡Feliz día del maestro amigos peruanos!  Happy Teacher’s Day to my Peruvian friends!

New Header- ¡Biblioburro!

The new picture above is of the Biblioburro.  Have you heard of it?  Do a Google search and you will see/ hear/ read about this amazing project in Colombia.  I believe in the power of books and literacy to change the world.  Take a look at this YouTube video to get started on your learning about Biblioburro.

How will you change the world? Y tu, ¿cómo vas a cambiar el mundo?

Life Lesson

As literacy coach, I mostly work with teachers to improve their instruction of reading and writing.  Now, as the school year ends, I have had the opportunity to return a bit to that which motivated my interest in coaching to begin with: conferencing with students.

Today in 5th grade a student asked me to do the final edit on his memoir.  I agreed.  We sat together and discussed a few key words, some grammar points and the structure of a memoir.  When we arrived at the importance of the story, he spoke of having learned that with support he can achieve any goal.  I told him to never forget that lesson.  We spoke of his going to 6th grade, his future and his enduring learnings.

As we finished our conference he leans over, pats me on the shoulder and says, “Thank you for the life lesson, Mr. Fleming.”  I smiled, thinking he was joking.  He wasn’t.

Life lesson.  That is education and it so much more important than the key words and the grammar points.

Language Acquisition

How do children acquire language?  Lots of language, written language, spoken language?

Dr. Kate Kinsella gave an interesting talk last year at the Minnesota ESL, Bilingual and Migrant Education Conference.  Here is the link to her page from the conference.  Check out the handouts for some amazing ideas for language acquisition:  http://www.mnellconference.org/?page_id=9

Transition Words in Spanish

When writing realistic fiction (I teaching in 4th grade) there are ways to make your paragraphs flow more smoothly from one to the next.  One way is to use transition words.  I found and added to a list of transition words (palabras de transición).

Try them out in your Spanish writing and see how your paragraphs flow

Here they are:

Para demostrar secuencia

al principio                   luego                        antes       después                         en seguida

Para demostrar contraste o cambio de idea:

por el contrario            sin embargo            al mismo tiempo         en contraste              por otro lado de otro modo                   a pesar de (que)            al contrario        de otra manera                aunque 

 Para demostrar adición o complemento de una idea:

también                          lo siguiente                  seguidamente
de igual importancia           de la misma manera          igualmente
además / por otra par   del mismo modo

 Para demostrar resultado:

en consecuencia           obviamente

de tal manera que             en cualquier caso
por esta razón                 evidentemente
por consiguiente           además
como resultado de         de hecho

Para evidenciar tiempo:

inmediatamente            después
tan pronto como           a más tardar
posteriormente             antes de
previamente

St. Paul Hmong two-way immersion programs

The folks at the Twin Cities Daily Planet had a nice article about St. Paul Hmong two-way immersion programs.  The title made it seem like there were problems but the article was well written.  And we all know, if we’ve read the research, that immersion works!

Keep up the good work, Jackson and Phalen!

More Advantages of Being Bilingual: The Sharper Minds of Bilinguals

Study: The Sharper Minds of Bilinguals – Learning the Language – Education Week.

There are more and more studies about the advantages of being bilingual.  Above you will find a link to yet another study.  Most bilingual folks I know are not surprised, nor are the teachers in dual language programs- like the amazing teachers in the St. Paul Public Schools Dual Language Programs.

Now I would like to see more and more studies about the best types of programs for creating bilingual students.  One- way programs?  Two-way programs?  How many minutes per day in each language? in each subject?  How does homework play into the mix?  What is the best use of technology in dual language programs?

Perhaps we will never find the perfect ‘program’ but we can continue to empower teachers to create an environment that will lower the affective filter, scaffold instruction, teach language through content and motivate students to read, learn, question and create.

Better than Bilingual

In the New York Times I found…

“But if being bilingual is good, what about being trilingual, as so many people in India are? Or even quadrilingual?

“That’s hardly unusual in India, where someone may, speak, say, Punjabi and Hindi with their father’s family, Bengali with their mother’s and Hindi and English with their spouse and children. India’s 2001 census lists 122 languages, and bi- or trilingualism is so assumed that the census questionnaires ask respondents for their first, second and third languages.
“Almost 20 percent of India’s population, some 240 million people, is multilingual, and millions are trilingual. (Sri Lanka, meanwhile, has proclaimed 2012 the “Year for a Trilingual Sri Lanka.”)”

So, what about that!  Can you imagine that happening in the United States where we have a candidate telling the people of Puerto Rico that they need to learn English?  I long for the day when bilingual is so common that to be special you need to be trilingual.

Me?  I am only bilingual.  Me parece un buen principio.  Después tendré que aprender Quechua o Aymara.

Benefits of Being Bilingual

I have been collecting a list of the “Benefits of Being Bilingual” and I would like to share the ideas I have found so far…  Please add others as you find them

*People who are bilingual have an advantage over the rest of us, and not just in terms of communication skills. The bilingual brain develops more densely, giving it an advantage in various abilities and skills, according to new research….bilingual speakers had denser gray matter compared with monolingual participants…the structure of the human brain is altered by the experience of acquiring a second language (webmd.com)

*The advantages of bilingualism in promoting overall cognitive development. Three major explanations for this improved development are proposed: that (1) the bilingual-bicultural child experiences the world from two different perspectives, increasing his awareness and moving him away from a limited, egocentric point of view; (2) the code-switching process inherent in bilingualism facilitates development of a more flexible approach to cognitive problems; and (3) the bilingual’s metalinguistic awareness or objectification of language promotes higher levels of abstract thinking and concept formation. (eric.gov)

*5 and 6 year-olds who are bilingual “manifest a cognitive system with the ability to attend to important information and ignore the less important.” Ellen Bialystok (latino.fox.news)

*Research suggests that bilingual people can hold Alzheimer’s disease at bay for longer, and that bilingual children are better at prioritising tasks and multitasking (www.science-news.eu)

*So we have monolinguals solving a problem, and they use X systems, but when bilinguals solve the same problem, they use others. One of the things we’ve seen is that on certain kinds of even nonverbal tests, bilingual people are faster. Why? Well, when we look in their brains through neuroimaging, it appears like they’re using a different kind of a network that might include language centers to solve a completely nonverbal problem. Their whole brain appears to rewire because of bilingualism. New York Times

  • Cognitive benefits: The bilingual people can have some specific advantages in thinking. They have two or more words for each idea and object. Hence, a bilingual person can develop a creative thinking and an ability to think more flexibly. The bilinguals are aware about which language should be spoken with which person in a particular situation. Therefore, they are more sensitive to the needs of the listener than the monolingual people. Being bilingual has a positive effect on intellectual growth. It enhances and enriches a person’s mental development. The latest research has proved that the bilinguals are better at IQ tests as compared to the monolinguals.
  • Character advantages: The bilinguals are able to switch between different languages and talk to different people in various languages. It increases a sense of self-esteem. Being bilingual creates a powerful link in different people from different countries.
  • Curriculum benefits: A bilingual education offers better curriculum results. The bilinguals tend to show a higher performance in examinations and tests. It is associated with thinking benefits of bilingualism. The bilinguals find it quite easy to learn and speak three, four or more languages.
  • Communication advantages: The bilinguals enjoy reading and writing in different languages. They can understand and appreciate literatures in various languages. It gives a deeper knowledge of different ideas and traditions. It helps improve the ways of thinking and behaving. The pleasures of reading poetry, novels and magazines as well as the enjoyment of writing to family and friends are doubled for bilinguals. They don’t face difficulties in communication while in a foreign country.
  • Cultural advantages: Bilingualism offers an access and exposure to different cultures. Knowledge of different languages offers a treasure of traditional and contemporary sayings, idioms, history and folk stories, music, literature and poetry in different cultures. Due to a wider cultural experience, there is a greater tolerance of differences in creeds and customs.
  • Employment benefits: Being bilingual offers potential employment benefits. It offers a wider choice of jobs in various fields. The bilinguals can get prosperous career opportunities in the retail sector, transport, tourism, administration, secretarial work, public relations, marketing and sales, banking and accountancy, translation, law and teaching.  (www.buzzle.com)